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1. How are comments marked in C++?

a) With the ';' character
b) With either '//' (start of line) or '/* .. */'
c) With the '++' sequence
d) None of the above

2. In C, a logical AND is indicated by what operator?

a) &&
b) ||
c) ++
d) None of the above

3. What library function should be used to compare character string arrays?

a) strcat
b) strlen
c) strcmp
d) None of these

4. A 'for' loop is written as follows:

for(i=0 ; i<25 ; i++)
     printf("Testing %d\n", i);

What will the highest and lowest printed values of 'i' be?

a) 1 and 25
b) 0 and 26
c) 0 and 24
d) None of the above

5. What conditions must be present for the fragment below to print the message "B is too small?"

if (a<20)
     printf("Too Small.");
     else
     if (b >= 10)
         printf("Everything is OK.");
         else
         printf("B is too small.");

a) (a < 20)
b) (a > 20) and (b >= 10)
c) (a>=20) and (b < 10)
d) None of the above

6. What will the output of the following code be?

double Zeta; // Holds ratio of alpha/w(nat)

Zeta = 0.707107; // Less than critically damped system
printf("Damping ratio = %10.1lf\n", Zeta );

a) Damping ratio = 0.707107
b) Damping ratio = 0.707
c) Damping ratio = 0.7
d) None of these

7. What will be in variable 'A' after executing the following code?

int a,b;

b = 24;
a = b++;

a) 24
b) 25
c) 23
d) None of the above

8. What output will be produced by the DO loop below?

int i=2;

do  {
     i++;
     if (i==7) continue;
     printf("%d", i);
     }
     while(i<10);

a) 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
b) 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
c) 3 4 5 6 8 9 10
d) None of the above

9. What is the data type of the following expression:

7/3

a) Int
b) Float
c) Double
d) None of the above

10. What will be the output of the following FOR loop?

for(i=0 ; i<5 ; i++)
     {
     if (i==2) continue;
     printf("%d", i);
     }

a) 1 2 3 4 5
b) 0 1 2 3 4
c) 0 1 3 4
d) None of the above

11. In C, how is a logical OR indicated?

a) &&
b) ||
c) ++
d) None of the above

12. What is wrong with the following code?

int nValue = 25;
float* fAddr;

fAddr = &nValue;
*fAddr = *fAddr + 1;

a) It is illegal to use the expression *fAddr on the left side of an equals sign.
b) The pointer "fAddr" has not been loaded with the address of an object.
c) The pointer "fAddr" is of the wrong type (float*).
d) None of these

13. What type of data must be in variable A below?

printf("A = %d now.\n", a );

a) int
b) char
c) float
d) double

14. Given the following declaration:

int Values[4]={1,2,3,4};

What value will be returned if the expression "*Values" is evaluated?

a) 2
b) 1
c) &Values[0]
d) 4
e) None of these

15. What information must be passed to the STRCPY() library routine?

a) The length of each string, and the address of each string.
b) The address of each string.
c) The length of one of the strings.
d) None of these

16. What is the effect of a return statement within MAIN()?

a) The program starts over at the first statement in MAIN()
b) The program ends and control goes back to the operating system
c) The last executed instruction repeats
d) None of the above

17. Given that A=25 and B=10, what will the output of the fragment below be?

if (a<20)
     printf("Too Small.");
     else
     if (b >= 10)
         printf("Everything is OK.");
         else
         printf("B is too small.");

a) Too Small.
b) B is too small.
c) Everything is OK.
d) None of the above

18. Given the declarations:

char szData[64];
int i;

i=314;

Supposed that we wish to place a text message into szData that shows the value in variable i. Which of the statements below would accomplish this?

a) strcpy( szData , "i = %d", i);
b) sprintf( szData , "i = %d" , i );
c) strcat( szData , i , "i = %d" );
d) None of these

19. If A=2 upon entry into the code below, what will be output?

switch (a)
     {
     case 1: printf("Unlocking door.");
         break;

     case 2: printf("Checking back door.");
         break;

     case 3: printf("Locking door.");
         break;

     default: printf("Unknown command.");
         break;
     }

a) Checking back door
b) Unlocking door
c) Locking door
d) Unknown command

20. According to the way "MyFunct" is being used below, what is its prototype?

int x,y;
float z;
//
//Program logic to fill x and y with data here
//

z=MyFunct(x, y);

a) void MyFunct(int, int);
b) double MyFunct(double, int);
c) float MyFunct(int, int);
d) None of these

21. What will be in variable 'A' after executing the following code?

int a,b;

b = 24;
a = ++b + 10;

a) 34
b) 35
c) 33
d) None of the above

22. To print a FLOAT with a field width of 10 and 2 digits to the right of the decimal point, what PRINTF format specifier should be used?

a) "%8.2lf"
b) "%10.2f"
c) "%12.2d"
d) None of the above

23. What is the data type of the following expression:

22/7. + 3.14

a) Int
b) Float
c) Char
d) None of the above

24. Every C statement ends with what character?

a) ','
b) '*'
c) ';'
d) None of the above

25. A certain function has the following prototype:

float MyFunct(int x, float z);

Which statement below correctly calls this function? Assume that A and B are type INT, and C is type FLOAT.

a) MyFunct( a, b);
b) a = MyFunct( 0, a);
c) c = MyFunct( a, 1.41459 );
d) None of the above

26. What output will be produced by the DO loop below?

int i=0;

do  {
     i++;
     printf("%d", i);
     }
     while(i<5);

a) 1 2 3 4 5
b) 0 1 2 3 4
c) 0 1 2 3
d) None of the above

27. When is a C expression considered to be 'true?'

a) When it is non-zero
b) When it is zero
c) Whenever it is not false
d) None of the above

28. A 'for' loop makes its test:

a) At the top of the loop
b) At the bottom of the loop
c) Either the top or the bottom of the loop, as the programmer desires
d) None of the above

29. The instructions typed by a programmer that will be compiled and executed by the computer are called:

a) Source code
b) Machine code
c) Object code
d) None of the above

30. What is one dangerous situation that can occur when programming character string input in C?

a) Using up excessive amounts of memory.
b) Taking up too much CPU time requirements, which can slow down the disk system.
c) Having insufficient space in an array to hold all the user's input.
d) None of these

31. If the character sequence CR-LF ('\r' '\n') is encountered while reading a text file, what character sequence will result on the C side of the interface?

a) '\r'
b) '\r' '\n'
c) '\0' (NUL)
d) None of the above

32. What happens when an object is instantiated?

a) The object is deleted or removed from memory
b) A pointer to the object is created
c) The object is dereferenced
d) None of these

33. What is a stream?

a) A path of communication between a program and the operating system
b) A method for writing to the video screen
c) A method for checking the contents of variables
d) None of the above

34. Which operator is used to access the member elements of a structure?

a) "*"
b) "."
c) "&"
d) None of these

35. Given the following declaration:

struct Complex
    {
    double re;
    double im;
    };

Complex Values[10];

If a DOUBLE uses 8 memory locations, how much memory is used up?

a) 160
b) 80
c) 40
d) None of these

36. Which stream below is normally associated with the keyboard?

a) stdout
b) stderr
c) stdprn
d) stdaux
e) None of the above

37. What must be done with any objects created through the 'NEW' operator prior to termination of a program?

a) The objects must be tested to see if they hold proper values
b) The objects must be tested with the 'OLD' operator
c) The objects must be deleted from memory
d) None of the above

38. Which of these is a disadvantage of Stroked (Vector) fonts?

a) A large amount of memory is required
b) Only one color of text can be displayed
c) Rendering is a complex and slow process
d) None of the above

39. Given the following declaration:

struct Complex
    {
    double re;
    double im;
    };

If a DOUBLE uses 8 memory locations, how much memory is used up?

a) 8 locations
b) 16 locations
c) 0 locations
d) None of these

40. The pointer value obtained from the 'FOPEN()' function (when used to open a disk file) is often referred to by programmers as a/an:

a) Array
b) Structure
c) Handle
d) None of the above

41. Which statement below would correctly allocate an array of 500 integers by using the 'NEW' operator?

a) int* Array = new int[500];
b) new int Array[500];
c) Array[500] = new int;
d) None of the above

42. Why is it important to open a file in the binary mode when reading and writing in-memory contents such as structures?

a) To avoid undesired translation of certain memory content values
b) To allow automatic error checking of the file contents by the operating system
c) To minimize disk space requirements
d) None of the above

43. What must be done with open files prior to ending a program?

a) Close them
b) Write the final information into them
c) Check their contents
d) None of the above

44. In the Borland Graphic Interface, the coordinates (0,0) represent what?

a) The ULH corner of the video display
b) The URH corner of the video display
c) The center of the video display
d) None of the above

45. Which standard library function below is used to move the file position indicator when implementing a random-access binary file system?

a) fopen()
b) fseek()
c) fputs()
d) None of the above

46. What value is returned by the NEW operator when a memory allocation request fails?

a) -1
b) NULL pointer
c) 0xffff
d) None of the above

47. Given the following declaration:

struct Complex
    {
    double re;
    double im;
    };


double GetMagnitude(Complex* lpStr)
{
//...
}

To access the member 're' within the function, what notation would be used?

a) lpStr->re
b) lpStr.re
c) re
d) None of the above

48. Which of these is a disadvantage of passing structures to functions by value?

a) Two copies of the structure occupy memory during the function's execution
b) Copying the structure is a relatively slow process
c) The function can not modify the original values in the structure
d) All of the above

49. Which type of font below looks best when shown at different magnification levels on a video screen?

a) Bit-mapped
b) Imaginary
c) Stroked (Vector)
d) None of the above

50. What two pieces of information are needed by 'FOPEN()' ?

a) A drive letter and file mode specifier
b) A filename and file mode specifier
c) A file mode specifier and system password
d) None of the above

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