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1. A certain transmitter's antenna is 1/4 wavelength long and measures 29.528 inches. What is the actual operating frequency of this transmitter? (1 inch = 2.54 cm).

a) 25 MHz
b) 50 MHz
c) 100 MHz
d) None of the above

2. Why can't audio frequencies be directly transmitted through an antenna system?

a) The antenna required would be too long
b) Too much power would be required
c) The receiver would distort the information waveform
d) None of the above

3. What is the wavelength of a 600 MHz signal?

a) 1 Meter
b) 0.5 Meter (50 cm)
c) 0.75 Meter
d) None of the above

4. The signal shown above is fed into a bandpass filter with a center frequency of 1 KHz. What will the output of the bandpass filter look like on an oscilloscope?

a) A 1 KHz square wave
b) A 1 KHz sine wave
c) A 2 KHz triangle wave
d) None of the above

5. What is the frequency of the 3rd harmonic for the signal above?

a) 1 KHz
b) 2 KHz
c) 3 KHz
d) None of these

6. What laboratory instrument is used to view signals in the frequency domain?

a) Oscilloscope
b) Function generator
c) Spectrum analyzer
d) None of the above

7. What signal to noise ratio, in dB, will result if a system has 1 mW of noise and 100 mW of signal power?

a) 10 dB
b) 20 dB
c) 30 dB
d) None of the above

8. To double the power of a Johnson noise source, what would be done?

a) Double the current
b) Double the bandwidth
c) Halve the resistance
d) None of the above

9. What noise voltage will be generated across a 47K resistor at room temperature (24 degrees Celsius) if the circuit's bandwidth is 500 KHz? (k=1.38 x 10-23 J/K)

a) 40.5 uV
b) 19.6 uV
c) 20 uV
d) None of the above

10. What is the total bandwidth of the AM signal pictured above?

a) 2 KHz
b) 700 KHz
c) 10 KHz
d) None of the above

11. If the load resistance RL is 50 Ohms, what is the total power of the AM signal above?

a) 200 Watts
b) 204 Watts
c) 250 Watts
d) None of the above

12. An AM signal was measured on an oscilloscope. The readings were Vmax=400 V, and Vmin = 100V. What is the percent modulation?

a) 33.3%
b) 60 %
c) 75 %
d) None of the above

13. An AM transmitter is operating on a carrier frequency (Fc) of 1500 KHz, with 50 volts of carrier (Vc). The transmitter is operating at 90% modulation. What is the intelligence voltage (Vm or Vi)?

a) 50 V
b) 40 V
c) 45 V
d) None of these

14. An AM transmitter is operating on a carrier frequency (Fc) of 10.000 MHz, with 5000 volts of carrier (Vc). The transmitter is operating at 70% modulation. What is the voltage in the upper side band?

a) 3500 V
b) 2750 V
c) 2000 V
d) 1750 V

15. Which of these is an important property for a modulator stage to have?

a) High voltage gain
b) High power gain
c) Low input-impedance
d) Non-linear transfer characteristic

16. A certain high-level transmitter produces 10 Watts of carrier power. How much power must the audio amplifier produce to 100% modulate this transmitter?

a) 2 Watts
b) 4 Watts
c) 8 Watts
d) 5 Watts
e) None of the above

17. What is the purpose of a buffer amplifier?

a) To provide a large voltage gain
b) To isolate the oscillator from the next stage
c) To reduce distortion of the carrier sine wave
d) None of the above

18. Where does the modulation take place at in a high-level transmitter?

a) At the oscillator
b) At the final power amplifier
c) At the buffer amplifier
d) Before the final power amplifier

19. Where would one expect to find an RF bypass capacitor connected within a radio transmitter?

a) Between the final PA stage and the antenna
b) Between the oscillator and buffer amplifier
c) Between a power supply line and ground
d) None of the above

20. What is the function of an RF bypass capacitor?

a) To couple signal from one stage to the next
b) To couple RF energy into the antenna
c) To force RF energy to go to ground
d) None of the above

21. What is the operating frequency of the oscillator pictured above?

a) 599.412 KHz
b) 847.697 KHz
c) 455.000 KHz
d) None of the above

22. What type of oscillator is pictured above?

a) Colpitts
b) Hartley
c) Armstrong
d) Pierce
e) None of the above

23. What type of oscillator is pictured above?

a) Colpitts
b) Hartley
c) Armstrong
d) Pierce
e) None of the above

24. Another name for the parallel-resonant frequency of a crystal is the:

a) Pole
b) Zero
c) Maximum
d) Minimum

25. Another name for the series-resonant frequency of a crystal is the:

a) Pole
b) Zero
c) Maximum
d) Minimum

26. A certain crystal has the following characteristics: Ls=1 H, Cs=.001 pF, Rs = 150 Ohms, Cm = 5 pF. What is the parallel-resonant frequency of the unit?

a) 5.032921 MHz
b) 4.986123 MHz
c) 5.033424 MHz
d) None of the above

27. A certain crystal has the following characteristics: Ls=1 H, Cs=.001 pF, Rs = 150 Ohms, Cm = 5 pF. What is the series-resonant frequency of the unit?

a) 5.032921 MHz
b) 4.986123 MHz
c) 5.033424 MHz
d) None of the above

28. A certain crystal has the following characteristics: Ls=1 H, Cs=.001 pF, Rs = 150 Ohms, Cm = 5 pF. At series-resonance, what is the approximate terminal impedance of the unit?

a) 30 + j125 Ohms
b) 30 - j150 Ohms
c) 150 Ohms (Equal to Rs)
d) Infinity (Open Circuit)

29. A mixer has two frequencies being applied, 700 KHz and 1000 KHz. Which of these gives the ideal output frequencies?

a) 700 KHz, 1000 KHz
b) 700 KHz, 1000 KHz, 1700 KHz
c) 700 KHz, 1000 KHz, 1700 KHz, 300 KHz
d) None of these

30. The two signal components that are produced in a diode-type AM detector circuit are:

a) The upper and lower sidebands
b) A DC level and the AC information signal
c) The carrier frequency and sidebands
d) None of these

31. What is meant by the term "low-side injection?"

a) The local oscillator operates with a large AC output signal
b) The IF amplifier uses negative-bias to produce AGC
c) The local oscillator operates above the frequency of the RF carrier
d) None of the above

32. Why can't TRF receivers be constructed for high-frequency (above 1-2 MHz) use?

a) Insufficent "Q" is available from discrete LC components at these frequencies
b) Transistors and ICs have insufficient gain at these frequencies
c) Detector circuits produce excessive distortion at these frequencies
d) None of the above

33. What section of a superheterodyne receiver determines the receiver's bandwidth and selectivity?

a) Preselector
b) IF Amplifier
c) Detector
d) Audio Amplifier
e) None of the above

34. In a superhet receiver, the difference between the preselector and local oscillator frequencies should always be:

a) The IF frequency
b) The carrier frequency
c) One-half the local oscillator frequency
d) None of these

35. Which part of a PLL converts voltage changes into frequency changes?

a) Phase Detector
b) Low Pass Filter
c) VCO
d) None of the above

36. When no input signal is being applied to a PLL, what state will it be in?

a) Lock
b) Capture
c) Free-Run
d) None of the above

37. How can a technician determine that a PLL is in lock?

a) Check that Vcontrol = Vcc/2
b) Check that Fvco = Fref
c) Check that Fvco = Fref / 2
d) None of the above

38. Which portion of a PLL is primarily responsible for determining the capture range?

a) VCO
b) Phase Detector
c) Low-Pass Filter
d) Reference Divider

39. A certain FM transmitter is operating on 29.600 MHz; the unmodulated carrier voltage Vc = 50 V. How much bandwidth will this transmitter occupy if Fm = 1 KHz and the deviation is 2 KHz? (Use a Bessel table, not Carson's rule).

a) 2 KHz
b) 8 KHz
c) 16 KHz
d) 32 KHz
e) None of the above

40. An FM transmitter is operating on 49.860 MHz. Fm = 5 KHz and the deviation is 5 KHz. The unmodulated carrier voltage is 1V. If the output of this transmitter is viewed on a spectrum analyzer, what voltage will be visible at the frequency 49.860 MHz?

a) 440 mV
b) 770 mV
c) 880 mV
d) None of the above

41. What type of the transmitters convert input (information) amplitude changes into output carrier frequency changes?

a) FM
b) AM
c) PM
d) None of the above

42. How many significant PAIRS of sidebands will be produced by an FM transmitter that is producing 1 KHz of deviation with a 5 KHz deviation rate (information frequency)?

a) 2
b) 1
c) 4
d) None of the above

43. If the frequency at TP "A" in the figure above is 95.300 MHz, what is the MOST LIKELY frequency at TP "D"?

a) 95.300 MHz
b) 93.300 MHz
c) 91.900 MHz
d) None of the above

44. Why is it possible to amplify FM signals in a class C amplifier?

a) The maximum power is no more than twice the unmodulated power
b) The power in an FM signal is constant
c) The bandwidth of FM signals quite small, less than 10 KHz
d) None of the above

45. A 7 MHz crystal oscillator is being driven so that it has 1100 Hz of deviation. This signal is fed into an X5 frequency multiplier. What is the resultant output frequency and deviation?

a) Fout=35 MHz, Deviation=5.5 KHz
b) Fout=21 MHz, Deviation=3.3 KHz
c) Fout=15 MHz, Deviation=1 KHz
d) None of the above

46. What type of FM transmitter is pictured above?

a) Armstrong WBFM
b) PLL
c) Crosby Frequency-Locked-Loop
d) None of the above

47. What would be used for deemphasis in an FM receiver?

a) An LC bandpass filter
b) An RC highpass filter
c) An RC lowpass filter
d) None of the above

48. What is the purpose of the AFC system in an FM receiver?

a) Corrects for local oscillator frequency drift
b) Keeps the IF amplifier gains at maximum
c) Corrects the frequency of the IF amplifier tuned circuits
d) None of the above

49. Which of these FM detectors rely on a closed loop that "follows" the instantaneous frequency changes of the incoming carrier signal?

a) Quadrature
b) Foster-Seeley
c) Ratio
d) PLL
e) None of these

50. What is the name of the amplifier that operates at a constant frequency in an FM superheterodyne receiver?

a) The audio amplifier
b) The RF amplifier
c) The IF amplifier
d) None of these

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