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1. How can a technician determine that a PLL is in lock?

a) Check that Vcontrol = Vcc/2
b) Check that Fvco = Fref
c) Check that Fvco = Fref / 2
d) None of the above

2. In the PLL pictured above, the following measurements were made:

F1 = 10.000 MHz
"A" = 100 KHz (5 Vpp square wave)
"B" = 90 KHz (5 Vpp square wave)
VCO Control Voltage = 7.9 V (Steady DC); Vcc = 8.0 V
"D" = 118.536 MHz (Unstable; this is an average).

It is known that R = 100 and N = 1001 from the service documentation. What is the most likely fault in the loop?

a) The N divider is defective (Not triggering correctly on VCO signal)
b) The R divider is defective (Not producing correct frequency at TP "A")
c) The VCO is defective (Not oscillating)
d) The phase detector is defective (Not comparing "A" and "B")
e) The loop is operating correctly

3. In the PLL pictured above, the following measurements were made:

F1 = 10.000 MHz
"A" = 0 KHz (Steady +100 mV DC signal)
"B" = 55 KHz (5 Vpp square wave)
VCO Control Voltage = 0.3 V (Steady DC); Vcc = 8.0 V
"D" = 55.055 MHz (Unstable; this is an average).

It is known that R = 100 and N = 1001 from the service documentation. What is the most likely fault in the loop?

a) The N divider is defective (Not triggering correctly on VCO signal)
b) The R divider is defective (Not producing correct frequency at TP "A")
c) The VCO is defective (Not oscillating)
d) The phase detector is defective (Not comparing "A" and "B")
e) The loop is operating correctly

4. Given that N=2442, R=10240, and F1 = 10.240 MHz, what will the output frequency Fout of the PLL synthesizer above be?

a) 1.024 MHz
b) 20.480 MHz
c) 8.192 MHz
d) 2.442 MHz

5. What is the function of a VCO?

a) Converts voltage to frequency
b) Converts frequency to voltage
c) Converts voltage to phase
d) None of the above

6. What is the maximum deviation permitted for FM broadcasts in the USA?

a) 50 KHz
b) 150 KHz
c) 25 KHz
d) 75 KHz

7. An FM transmitter is operating on 49.860 MHz. Fm = 5 KHz and the deviation is 5 KHz. The unmodulated carrier voltage is 1V. If the output of this transmitter is viewed on a spectrum analyzer, what voltage will be visible at the frequency 49.865 MHz?

a) 440 mV
b) 1000 mV
c) 880 mV
d) None of the above

8. What is the purpose of guard bands?

a) To reduce distortion on received signals
b) To limit the transmitting distance to line of sight
c) To prevent adjacent channel interference
d) None of the above

9. What deviation corresponds to 100% modulation for FM broadcasts in the USA?

a) 50 KHz
b) 150 KHz
c) 25 KHz
d) 75 KHz

10. What is the deviation rate of an FM transmitter when the information frequency Fm = 1 KHz and the deviation is 5 KHz?

a) 1 KHz
b) 5 KHz
c) 6 KHz
d) None of the above

11. An FM transmitter is producing 45 KHz of devation; the information signal is 5 KHz, 10 Vpk. What is the modulation index?

a) 9.0
b) 4.5
c) 0.6
d) None of the above

12. An FM transmitter is operating on 49.860 MHz. Fm = 5 KHz and the deviation is 5 KHz. The unmodulated carrier voltage is 1V. The information voltage is 3Vpk. What MINIMUM information voltage will cause the 49.860 frequency component (as viewed on a spectrum analyzer) to become ZERO?

a) 3.24 Vpk
b) 5.00 Vpk
c) 7.20 Vpk
d) None of the above

13. A certain FM transmitter operates on 100.1 MHz. The maximum frequency from the transmitter is 100.175 MHz, and the minimum frequency is 100.025 MHz. What is the deviation?

a) 50 KHz
b) 150 KHz
c) 25 KHz
d) None of the above

14. How many significant PAIRS of sidebands will be produced by an FM transmitter that is producing 1 KHz of deviation with a 5 KHz deviation rate (information frequency)?

a) 2
b) 1
c) 4
d) None of the above

15. What is the approximate (CARSON'S RULE) bandwidth of an FM transmitter with a deviation of 5 KHz and information frequency of 1 KHz?

a) 10 KHz
b) 2 KHz
c) 15 KHz
d) None of the above

16. If the frequency at TP "A" in the figure above is 95.300 MHz, what is the MOST LIKELY frequency at TP "D"?

a) 95.300 MHz
b) 93.300 MHz
c) 91.900 MHz
d) None of the above

17. What type of FM transmitter is pictured above?

a) Armstrong WBFM
b) PLL
c) Crosby Frequency-Locked-Loop
d) None of the above

18. A 5 MHz crystal oscillator is being driven so that it has 1000 Hz of deviation. This signal is fed into an X3 frequency multiplier. What is the resultant output frequency and deviation?

a) Fout=3 MHz, Deviation=2 KHz
b) Fout=5 MHz, Deviation=3 KHz
c) Fout=15 MHz, Deviation=1 KHz
d) None of the above

19. A 7 MHz crystal oscillator is being driven so that it has 1100 Hz of deviation. This signal is fed into an X5 frequency multiplier. What is the resultant output frequency and deviation?

a) Fout=35 MHz, Deviation=5.5 KHz
b) Fout=21 MHz, Deviation=3.3 KHz
c) Fout=15 MHz, Deviation=1 KHz
d) None of the above

20. What value should N have in the figure above to get an output frequency of 91.900 MHz? F1=10.000 MHz and R=100.

a) 9190
b) 5620
c) 919
d) 867
e) None of the above

21. What is the purpose of the AFC system in an FM receiver?

a) Corrects for local oscillator frequency drift
b) Keeps the IF amplifier gains at maximum
c) Corrects the frequency of the IF amplifier tuned circuits
d) None of the above

22. Where is the demodulated signal taken out of a PLL FM demodulator?

a) At the reference oscillator
b) At the VCO output
c) At the loop filter output
d) None of these

23. What is the name of the amplifier that operates at a constant frequency in an FM superheterodyne receiver?

a) The audio amplifier
b) The RF amplifier
c) The IF amplifier
d) None of these

24. What stage in an FM receiver rejects amplitude disturbances?

a) Detector
b) Limiter
c) Mixer
d) Preselector

25. Why is FM reception generally free from interference in the form of static?

a) FM Receivers are not sensitive to amplitude variations
b) FM receivers have a very high IF frequency
c) FM receivers use class C amplifiers to reject noise
d) None of the above

End of FREQUENCY MAGIC test!

Grade Exam!